Which type of vision is affected by the inability to perceive certain color combinations?

The correct answer is related to the condition that directly impacts the ability to see and differentiate between specific colors. Color vision deficiency specifically refers to a variety of conditions, commonly known as color blindness, where individuals have difficulty perceiving colors accurately. This can involve trouble distinguishing between certain color combinations, such as red and green or blue and yellow.

In contrast, achromatic vision refers to the ability to see only in shades of gray, without any color. Depth perception pertains to the ability to judge distances and see the world in three dimensions, while peripheral vision involves the ability to see objects outside of your direct line of sight. None of these options are related to the specific inability to perceive color combinations, which is the hallmark of color vision deficiency. Thus, color vision deficiency is the most fitting choice for the question posed.