Which structure transports urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?

The ureter is the correct choice because it is specifically designed as a muscular tube that connects the kidneys to the urinary bladder, facilitating the transport of urine. This structure is crucial in the urinary system, as it allows for the movement of urine that is produced in the kidneys to be stored in the bladder before elimination from the body. The ureters have peristaltic movements that help propel the urine downward from the kidneys, ensuring that it reaches the bladder effectively.

In this context, the kidneys primarily function to filter blood and produce urine, rather than transport it. The urethra, while it plays an important role in urine elimination by carrying urine from the bladder out of the body, does not transport urine from the kidneys. The glomerulus is part of the kidney's filtration system and also does not have a function related to the transport of urine. Therefore, the ureter is the key structure responsible for conveying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.