What type of surgery is a discectomy?

A discectomy is a surgical procedure specifically focused on the excision of an intervertebral disc. This operation is typically performed to alleviate pressure on spinal nerves caused by herniated discs, which can result in pain, weakness, or neurological deficits. In a discectomy, the surgeon removes the portion of the disc that is protruding beyond its normal boundaries and pressing against spinal nerves or the spinal cord itself.

Understanding the nature of a discectomy is crucial for correct coding and diagnosis, as it directly pertains to conditions related to spinal health and is particularly relevant in cases of radiculopathy or disc herniation. This distinguishes it from other types of surgeries listed in the options, such as those associated with brain surgery, speech rehabilitation, or removal of the dura mater, which have different indications and implications in surgery.