What type of joint allows movement in one direction, resembling a hinge?

The hinge joint is a type of synovial joint that permits movement primarily in one plane, allowing for flexion and extension similar to the opening and closing of a door. This structure is exemplified by joints such as the elbow and knee. Hinge joints have a convex surface that fits into a concave surface, facilitating this unidirectional movement.

In contrast, ball-and-socket joints allow for a greater range of motion in multiple directions, enabling rotation along with flexion and extension. Pivot joints, found in locations like the neck, allow for rotation around a single axis but are not confined to the linear movement characteristic of hinge joints. Gliding joints permit sliding movements between flat surfaces, which also differs from the distinct bending and straightening action of a hinge. Therefore, the characteristics of hinge joints make them unique and specifically suited for one-dimensional movement as described in the question.