What is the primary function of the organ of Corti?

The primary function of the organ of Corti is sound detection. Located within the cochlea of the inner ear, the organ of Corti contains sensory hair cells that convert sound vibrations into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the brain via the auditory nerve. This complex structure is vital for the process of hearing, allowing the perception of different sounds and the discrimination of pitch and volume.

The other options relate to functions that are not associated with the organ of Corti. Balance and equilibrium are primarily governed by the vestibular system, while inner ear pressure regulation is managed through structures such as the Eustachian tube. Additionally, the secretion of hormones pertains to the endocrine system rather than functions of the auditory system. Understanding these distinctions highlights the specific role of the organ of Corti in auditory processing, making sound detection its crucial function.