What is the primary characteristic of paranoia?

Paranoia primarily involves delusions of persecution, which are unfounded beliefs that others are out to harm the individual. Individuals experiencing paranoia may feel that they are being targeted or harassed by others, which can lead to significant distress and impairment in daily functioning. This characteristic sets paranoia apart from other mental health conditions that may involve hallucinations, mood swings, or anxiety. While those symptoms can appear in various mental health issues, the hallmark of paranoia remains the persistent belief in personal threats and conspiracies against oneself. This understanding is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of individuals exhibiting paranoid symptoms.