What is the primary cause of glaucoma?

The primary cause of glaucoma is abnormal drainage of eye fluid. Glaucoma results from increased intraocular pressure, which typically occurs when the fluid in the eye, known as aqueous humor, does not drain properly. This accumulation of fluid can lead to damage to the optic nerve, ultimately affecting vision. The drainage system of the eye can become blocked or dysfunctional due to various factors, including structural abnormalities or issues with the eye's drainage channels.

While age-related changes, genetic factors, and exposure to loud noises can impact eye health and may contribute to the risk of developing various eye conditions, they are not the primary cause of glaucoma. Specifically, age can increase the risk of developing glaucoma, and genetics can play a role in susceptibility, but the main underlying issue in glaucoma remains the impaired drainage of aqueous humor that leads to increased pressure within the eye.