What is "marsupialization" in the treatment of a Bartholin's gland cyst?

Marsupialization is a surgical procedure often employed to treat a Bartholin's gland cyst by creating a permanent opening. In this method, a small incision is made in the cyst, followed by the suturing of the edges of the cyst wall to the surrounding tissue, thereby forming a pouch. This approach allows for continuous drainage of the cyst, preventing recurrence, as it keeps the opening patent and reduces the chances of fluid accumulation.

The necessity for this technique arises from the nature of Bartholin's gland cysts, which can become fluid-filled and cause discomfort. By performing marsupialization, the surgeon effectively transforms the cyst into a drainable pouch, which mitigates the risk of reformation, unlike simple drainage that might not address the underlying issue.