What does the Myelin Sheath do?

The myelin sheath serves a crucial role in the nervous system by covering the axon of neurons and acting as an insulator. This insulation is essential for the proper functioning of nerve impulses. By surrounding the axon, the myelin sheath increases the speed at which electrical signals, or action potentials, travel along the nerve fiber. This ensures that messages are transmitted quickly and efficiently between neurons, enhancing overall communication within the nervous system.

The structure of the myelin sheath allows for saltatory conduction, where the electrical impulse jumps from one node of Ranvier (gaps in the myelin sheath) to another, further speeding up the communication process. Thus, it plays a pivotal role in the performance of the nervous system, making option B the correct choice.