What describes first-degree burns?

First-degree burns are defined as superficial burns that primarily affect the outer layer of the skin, known as the epidermis. This type of burn is often associated with mild injuries such as sunburns, which cause redness and minor discomfort without blisters or significant damage to the deeper layers of the skin.

In the context of the characteristics of first-degree burns, options that suggest a deeper tissue involvement, such as partial-thickness burns or deep burns, do not accurately reflect the superficial nature of first-degree burns. Additionally, swelling of tissue due to bacteria pertains more to infections rather than to the classification of burns, which focuses on the depth and severity of the thermal injury. Therefore, the description of first-degree burns being superficial and exemplified by sunburns fits precisely with their clinical presentation and pathology.