What condition is characterized by urinary incontinence, particularly during the night?

The condition characterized by urinary incontinence, particularly during the night, is enuresis. Enuresis commonly refers to involuntary urination, and when it occurs at night, it is often termed nocturnal enuresis. This is especially prevalent in children but can also occur in adults under certain circumstances. The primary distinction is that enuresis is specifically associated with the inability to control urination while sleeping, leading to bedwetting.

Other terms mentioned in the options refer to different urinary issues. Hematuria is defined as the presence of blood in the urine, which is not related to incontinence. Nocturia involves waking up during the night to urinate but does not imply a lack of control over urination, distinguishing it from enuresis. Oliguria refers to the production of an abnormally low volume of urine and also does not pertain to involuntary urination. Therefore, enuresis stands out as the correct answer for the condition described in the question.